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🔹 Lesson 16 – Intermediate

Reported Questions

سوالات غیرمستقیم


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1️⃣ Title

Reported Questions
سوالات غیرمستقیم
📌 سطح: Intermediate | کاربرد: بازگو کردن سوالات کسی بدون استفاده مستقیم از علامت سوال


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2️⃣ Why do we use it? (چرا استفاده می‌کنیم؟)

سوالات غیرمستقیم برای:

1. بازگو کردن سوالات دیگران به شکل رسمی و طبیعی


2. تغییر زمان و ضمایر برای تطبیق با جمله جدید


3. استفاده در نوشتار و مکالمه رسمی




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3️⃣ Explanation (توضیح فارسی ساده)

🔹 Structure (ساختار)

1. Yes/No Questions → if / whether



Direct: “Do you like pizza?”

Reported: He asked me if I liked pizza.
او از من پرسید که آیا پیتزا دوست دارم.


2. Wh- Questions → wh- word



Direct: “Where do you live?”

Reported: She asked me where I lived.
او از من پرسید کجا زندگی می‌کنم.


🔹 Time / Pronoun Changes

زمان فعل معمولاً یک مرحله به گذشته منتقل می‌شود:

present → past

present perfect → past perfect

will → would


ضمایر و قیدها نیز مطابق جمله اصلی تغییر می‌کنند:

here → there

now → then




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4️⃣ Examples (مثال با ترجمه)

Direct: “Did you finish your homework?”
Reported: He asked me if I had finished my homework.
او از من پرسید آیا تکالیفم را تمام کرده‌ام.

Direct: “What time does the train leave?”
Reported: She asked me what time the train left.
او از من پرسید قطار ساعت چند حرکت می‌کند.

Direct: “Why are you late?”
Reported: He asked me why I was late.
او از من پرسید چرا دیر کرده‌ام.


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5️⃣ Common Persian Mistakes 🚫

❌ He asked me did I finish my homework.
✅ He asked me if I had finished my homework.

❌ She asked me what time does the train leave.
✅ She asked me what time the train left.

❌ He asked me why am I late.
✅ He asked me why I was late.


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6️⃣ Quick Practice

1. جمله درست بساز:



Direct: “Do you play football?” → ______
✅ Reported: He asked me if I played football.


2. سوال Wh- بساز:



Direct: “Where is the nearest bank?” → ______
✅ Reported: She asked me where the nearest bank was.


3. جمله منفی بساز:



Direct: “Didn’t you see the movie?” → ______
✅ Reported: He asked me if I hadn’t seen the movie.



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7️⃣ Summary Box

✔ Structure → Yes/No → if/whether, Wh- questions → wh- word + clause
✔ Time/Pronoun Changes → present → past, here → there, now → then
✔ Use → بازگو کردن سوالات به شکل غیرمستقیم
✔ اشتباه رایج → استفاده از ساختار سوال مستقیم در گزارش، عدم تغییر زمان‌ها