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🔹 Lesson 5 – Intermediate

Modal Verbs (Must, Should, Have to, Might, May, Could)

افعال کمکی معنایی (مدال)


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1️⃣ Title

Modal Verbs
افعال کمکی معنایی
📌 سطح: Intermediate | کاربرد: بیان ضرورت، احتمال، اجبار، اجازه و پیشنهاد


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2️⃣ Why do we use it? (چرا استفاده می‌کنیم؟)

افعال مدال برای بیان:

1. ضرورت و اجبار → must, have to


2. پیشنهاد و توصیه → should


3. احتمال و حدس → might, may, could


4. توانایی و امکان → can, could




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3️⃣ Explanation (توضیح فارسی ساده)

🔹 Structure (ساختار)

Affirmative (مثبت):
Subject + modal + base verb

You must wear a helmet.

She should study more.

He might come tomorrow.

We can swim very well.


Negative (منفی):
Subject + modal + not + base verb

You must not smoke here.

She should not be late.

He might not know the answer.


Question (سوالی):
Modal + subject + base verb?

Must I finish this today?

Should we call him now?

Can you help me?




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4️⃣ Usage (کاربرد هر مدال)

Modal Use Example ترجمه

must ضرورت / اجبار You must wear a seatbelt. باید کمربند ایمنی ببندی
have to اجبار بیرونی I have to work late today. مجبورم امروز دیر کار کنم
should توصیه You should eat more vegetables. باید سبزیجات بیشتری بخوری
might / may احتمال He might be at home. ممکنه او در خانه باشد
could توانایی گذشته / احتمال I could swim when I was 5. من وقتی ۵ ساله بودم می‌توانستم شنا کنم



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5️⃣ Examples (مثال با ترجمه)

You must finish your homework.
باید تکالیفت را تمام کنی.

She should visit the doctor.
او باید پیش دکتر برود.

He might come to the party.
ممکنه او به مهمانی بیاید.

We could go to the beach yesterday.
ما دیروز می‌توانستیم به ساحل برویم.

I have to wake up early tomorrow.
مجبورم فردا صبح زود بیدار شوم.


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6️⃣ Common Persian Mistakes 🚫

❌ You should to eat more.
✅ You should eat more.

❌ He musts wear a helmet.
✅ He must wear a helmet.

❌ Might he can come?
✅ Might he come?


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7️⃣ Quick Practice

1. جمله درست بساز:



I / must / study → ______
✅ I must study.


2. سوال بساز:



she / should / go / to the doctor? → ______
✅ Should she go to the doctor?


3. جمله منفی بساز:



He / might / be / at home → ______
✅ He might not be at home.


4. توانایی گذشته:



I / could / swim / when 5 → ______
✅ I could swim when I was 5.



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8️⃣ Summary Box

✔ Structure → Subject + modal + base verb
✔ Use → necessity, advice, possibility, ability
✔ Common Modals → must, have to, should, might, may, could
✔ اشتباه رایج → اضافه کردن to بعد should / اشتباه در ساخت سوال و منفی