​لغات و کالوکیشن‌های Band 7-8 آیلتس (ادامه)

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 فصل ۵: خانواده و روابط

🔸intergenerational dynamics
بجای: different generations
معنی: پویایی‌های بین‌نسلی
(Band 5❌): Different generations live together.
(Band 8✅): Understanding intergenerational dynamics helps resolve family conflicts.

🔸kinship networks
بجای: family connections
معنی: شبکه‌های خویشاوندی
(Band 5❌): We have many family connections.
(Band 8✅): Traditional societies rely heavily on kinship networks for support.

🔸nuclear family structure
بجای: small family
معنی: ساختار خانواده هسته‌ای
(Band 5❌): Small family is common now.
(Band 8✅): The nuclear family structure has replaced extended family systems in urban areas.
اشتباه رایج: استفاده برای خانواده‌های فقیر
❌ poor families
✅ parents and children living separately from relatives

🔸emotional intimacy
بجای: close feelings
معنی: صمیمیت عاطفی
(Band 5❌): We have close feelings.
(Band 8✅): Emotional intimacy requires vulnerability and trust between partners.

🔸parental involvement
بجای: parents help
معنی: مشارکت والدین
(Band 5❌): Parents help with homework.
(Band 8✅): Parental involvement significantly impacts children's academic achievement.

🔸family cohesion
بجای: family unity
معنی: انسجام خانوادگی
(Band 5❌): Family unity is important.
(Band 8✅): Family cohesion provides emotional security during difficult times.
اشتباه رایج: استفاده برای بودن در یک مکان
❌ living in same house
✅ maintaining strong emotional bonds despite distance

🔸matriarchal influence
بجای: mother's role
معنی: نفوذ مادرسالارانه
(Band 5❌): Mother has important role.
(Band 8✅): Matriarchal influence often shapes family traditions and values.

🔸generational conflict
بجای: age differences
معنی: تعارض نسلی
(Band 5❌): Age differences cause problems.
(Band 8✅): Generational conflict arises from differing values and experiences.

🔸family resilience
بجای: strong family
معنی: تاب‌آوری خانوادگی
(Band 5❌): Strong family overcomes problems.
(Band 8✅): Family resilience enables adaptation to crises and challenges.
اشتباه رایج: استفاده برای خانواده‌های بزرگ
❌ many family members
✅ ability to maintain functioning despite adversity

🔸kinship obligations
بجای: family duties
معنی: تعهدات خویشاوندی
(Band 5❌): We have family duties.
(Band 8✅): Cultural norms dictate specific kinship obligations in traditional societies.

🔸parenting styles
بجای: how parents raise
معنی: سبک‌های فرزندپروری
(Band 5❌): Parents raise children differently.
(Band 8✅): Parenting styles significantly influence child development outcomes.

🔸filial responsibility
بجای: child's duty
معنی: مسئولیت فرزندی
(Band 5❌): Children have duty to parents.
(Band 8✅): Filial responsibility varies across cultural contexts.
اشتباه رایج: استفاده برای کمک‌های مالی ساده
❌ giving money to parents
✅ comprehensive care for aging parents

🔸family narratives
بجای: family stories
معنی: روایت‌های خانوادگی
(Band 5❌): We tell family stories.
(Band 8✅): Family narratives shape individual identity and values.

🔸kinship terminology
بجای: family names
معنی: اصطلاحات خویشاوندی
(Band 5❌): We have different family names.
(Band 8✅): Kinship terminology reflects cultural values about relationships.

🔸family rituals
بجای: family traditions
معنی: مناسک خانوادگی
(Band 5❌): We have family traditions.
(Band 8✅): Family rituals reinforce bonds and transmit cultural values.
اشتباه رایج: استفاده برای عادات روزمره
❌ eating dinner together
✅ annual holiday celebrations with specific customs

🔸sibling rivalry
بجای: brother-sister competition
معنی: رقابت خواهر و برادر
(Band 5❌): Brothers and sisters compete.
(Band 8✅): Sibling rivalry can either strengthen relationships or create lasting conflicts.

🔸extended family systems
بجای: big family
معنی: نظام خانواده گسترده
(Band 5❌): Big family is traditional.
(Band 8✅): Extended family systems provide comprehensive social support networks.

🔸intergenerational transfer
بجای: pass to children
معنی: انتقال بین‌نسلی
(Band 5❌): Parents pass things to children.
(Band 8✅): Intergenerational transfer includes both material wealth and cultural knowledge.
اشتباه رایج: استفاده برای دادن وسایل
❌ giving old clothes
✅ transmitting family businesses and traditions

🔸family boundaries
بجای: family rules
معنی: مرزهای خانوادگی
(Band 5❌): Every family has rules.
(Band 8✅): Healthy family boundaries balance connection with individual autonomy.

🔸kinship solidarity
بجای: family support
معنی: همبستگی خویشاوندی
(Band 5❌): Family support is important.
(Band 8✅): Kinship solidarity provides economic and emotional safety nets